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| Test tip: Make sure that you read all parts of the question carefully and address each point made. Organize your thoughts and ideas well. Do not try to memorize essays. Make sure you have at least 40 minutes to spend on this task and try to leave time to check your spelling at the end. |
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topic:
The birth rate in most developed countries is predicted to begin to fall over the next 50 years. By 2030 it is estimated that over one-third of the population in most developed countries will be aged 65 and over.
What effects will these predictions have on developed countries if they prove true? What can be done now to deal with this situation?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. You should write at least 250 words.
This response will be reviewed and graded after submission.
Model answer
Nowadays, most people worry about over-population and living in crowded cities. However, it is predicted that we will have the opposite problem by the year 2030 when one third of the population will be aged 65 or over and birth rates are predicted to decline. What effect will this have on our society?
By 2030 the percentage of the population aged 65 or older will have risen significantly, to more than 30%. This means that fewer people will be working, and therefore fewer people will be paying income tax. In the future it may be necessary for governments to increase the official retirement age to 70 or even older. When today’s 30-year-olds are in their sixties it is unlikely that they will enjoy the relaxed lifestyle that today’s older generation can expect when they give up work. Governments will therefore need to make sure that this older generation is healthy and fit enough to continue working.
However, I believe the biggest impact will be on the younger generation. In 2030 the younger generation will need to work much harder to support the large number of older people. If this trend continues then it is possible that our entire culture will change. For example, most marketing companies today try to target the younger generation with their products and advertisements. If the majority of the population is older then this will change and companies will begin to target the older generation instead.
So, what can be done now to prevent these problems? Firstly, I believe that governments of developed countries should find ways to encourage people to have larger families and increase the birth rate. Secondly, I believe that they should encourage migration from developing countries so that the problems of over-crowding can be solved.